Measles Outbreak in Texas: Essential Guide for Families
By Dr. Hina Zaman, MD | Family Medicine, Murphy, TX
Last Updated: February 28, 2025
The Current Situation: What You Need to Know
Texas is currently facing a significant measles outbreak, with 124 confirmed cases across the state as of February 25, 2025. This highly contagious disease is spreading rapidly through communities, particularly in areas with lower vaccination rates.
By the Numbers: Where Cases Are Appearing
| County | Number of Cases |
|---|---|
| Gaines | 80 |
| Terry | 21 |
| Dawson | 7 |
| Dallam | 4 |
| Ector | 2 |
| Lubbock | 1 |
| Other counties | 9 |
Age distribution:
- Children 0-4 years: 39 cases
- Children 5-17 years: 62 cases
- Adults 18+ years: 18 cases
Important alert: Health officials have identified potential exposure in San Marcos and San Antonio between February 14-16, 2025. If you visited these areas during this time frame, please monitor for symptoms.
Understanding Measles: Why It’s Dangerous
Measles isn’t just a childhood rash—it’s a serious disease that can lead to severe complications:
- The virus can remain airborne for up to two hours after an infected person leaves an area
- 1 in 5 unvaccinated people who get measles will be hospitalized
- 1 in 1,000 may develop brain swelling (encephalitis)
- 1-2 in 1,000 may die, even with the best care
Of the 124 current cases in Texas, 18 patients have required hospitalization. This underscores the potential severity of the disease, especially for vulnerable individuals.
Signs and Symptoms: What to Watch For
Measles typically develops in stages, appearing 7-14 days after exposure:
Early symptoms (first 3-4 days):
- High fever (often >104°F/40°C)
- Persistent cough
- Runny nose
- Red, watery eyes (conjunctivitis)
- Koplik spots (tiny white spots inside the mouth)
Rash phase (days 4-7):
- Red, blotchy rash that typically starts on the face
- Rash spreads downward to neck, trunk, arms, legs, and feet
- Fever may spike higher when rash appears
- Symptoms may worsen before improving
When to seek immediate medical attention:
- Difficulty breathing
- Persistent high fever that doesn’t respond to medication
- Severe headache with neck stiffness
- Unusual drowsiness or confusion
Vaccination: Your Best Defense
The measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine remains the most effective tool against measles, providing long-lasting immunity. The outbreak statistics speak for themselves: of the 124 confirmed cases, only 5 patients had received the measles vaccine. The remaining 119 cases were in unvaccinated individuals.
Recommended Vaccination Schedule
| Age Group | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Children | First dose at 12-15 months; Second dose at 4-6 years |
| Teens/Adults with no documentation | Two doses at least 28 days apart |
| Adults born before 1957 | Generally considered immune due to prior exposure |
| International travelers | Ensure up-to-date vaccination status |
Did you know? The MMR vaccine is 93% effective after one dose and 97% effective after two doses. This high efficacy is why widespread vaccination is so crucial for community protection.
Action Plan: Protecting Your Family
- Verify vaccination status: Check your family’s immunization records. If anyone is behind on MMR vaccines, schedule an appointment immediately.
- Stay vigilant about symptoms: Know the signs of measles and monitor for them, especially if you’ve been in areas with confirmed cases.
- Practice enhanced hygiene:
- Wash hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds
- Use hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol when soap isn’t available
- Cover coughs and sneezes with a tissue or your elbow
- Disinfect frequently touched surfaces
- Take extra precautions for vulnerable family members: Those who cannot be vaccinated due to age (infants under 12 months) or medical conditions should avoid crowded places during an outbreak.
- Stay informed: Follow updates from reliable sources like the Texas Department of State Health Services and your local health department.
Common Questions About Measles
Q: Can my child still get measles if they’ve been vaccinated?
A: It’s possible but rare. Vaccinated individuals who do contract measles typically experience a milder case with fewer complications.
Q: Is the MMR vaccine safe?
A: Yes. The MMR vaccine has been used for decades with an excellent safety record. Serious side effects are extremely rare, while the risks from measles itself are substantial.
Q: Can adults get measles?
A: Absolutely. While often considered a childhood disease, adults who aren’t immune can contract measles, and may experience more severe symptoms than children.
Q: How quickly can someone get the vaccine if they’ve been exposed?
A: The MMR vaccine can provide some protection if given within 72 hours of exposure. Immune globulin can be given within 6 days of exposure for high-risk individuals.
Final Thoughts
This measles outbreak is a stark reminder that vaccine-preventable diseases remain a threat when vaccination rates decline. As a family physician in Murphy, TX, I strongly urge all families to verify their vaccination status and take this opportunity to ensure everyone is protected.
Remember that vaccination isn’t just about individual protection—it’s about safeguarding our entire community, especially those who cannot be vaccinated due to age or medical conditions.
If you have questions about the MMR vaccine or need to schedule a vaccination appointment, please don’t hesitate to contact my office at (469) 782-0165 or via email: contact@familycaremurphy.com.
Resources:
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Measles (Rubeola) Information Page
Comprehensive information on measles symptoms, complications, and prevention. - Texas Department of State Health Services
Texas Measles Information and Updates
Current information about the Texas outbreak, including case counts and affected areas. - American Academy of Pediatrics
Measles: What Parents Need to Know
Evidence-based guidance for parents regarding measles prevention and treatment. - World Health Organization (WHO)
Measles Fact Sheet
Global perspective on measles, including international statistics and prevention efforts.
